On This Day: September 10

1349: Jews who survived a massacre in Constance, Germany are burned to death.

• 1676: Death of Gerrard Winstanley, founder of “The True Levellers” or “Diggers” during the English Revolution.

• 1797: Mary Wollstonecroft dies in Somers Town, London. She was a philosopher and promoter of women’s rights.

• 1859: Minneapolis’ oldest union is founded, the Minneapolis and St Anthony Typographical Union No 42.

• 1878: Anarchist Karl Eduard Nobiling dies in Berlin. He is famous for the assination attempt on German Emperor William I. Paul Brousse coins the phrase “propaganda of the deed” to describe Nobiling’s act.

• 1891: Anarchist Simón Radowitzky born in Stepanice, Ukraine. Known for the assassination of Ramón Lorenzo Falcón, a head of police responsible for the brutal repression of Red Week in 1909 in Buenos Aires.

• 1897: Lattimer massacre: 19 unarmed striking coal miners and mine workers were killed and 36 wounded by a posse organized by the Luzerne County sheriff for refusing to disperse near Hazleton, Pennsylvania.

• 1898: Luigi Lucheni assassinated the Austrian Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria.

• 1918: Russian Civil War: The Red Army re-captures Kazan.

• 1945: Vidkun Quisling sentenced to death for collaborating with Nazis.

• 1952: Medea Benjamin born in Freeport, New York. She was is an activist who helped found Code Pink peace campaign and the Global Exchange fair trade group.

• 1956: Two black students are prevented by a mob from entering a junior college in Texarkana, Texas.

• 1962: US Supreme Court rules James Meredith be the first black student admitted to segregated University of Mississippi.

• 1963: Twenty African-American children integrated into Birmingham, Alabama schools despite city’s opposition.